Stahl, G., Ringvall, A. & Fridman, J. (2001): Assessment of coarse woody debris - a methodological overview. Ecological Bulletins 49: 57-70.

Assessment of coarse woody debris - a methodological overview
Göran Stahl, Anna Ringvall and Jonas Fridman

This article provides an overview of different sampling methods for assessing coarse woody debris (CWD). The focus is on the assessment of CWD volume and number of units using probability sampling methods, although subjective methods and the use of remote sensing for acquiring auxiliary information are also briefly dealt with. The methods covered are sample plot inventory, strip surveying, line intercept sampling, adaptive cluster sampling, point and transect relascope sampling, and guided transect sampling. While the first three of these methods are well known standard methods, the last four are quite newly developed. The foundations of the methods are described, as well as aspects on their theoretical efficiency and use in the field.